This is for informational purposes only. For medical advice or diagnosis, consult a professional.

▷ IDENTIFICATION🔍
Common Name: Ginger
Botanical Name: Zingiber officinale
Family: Ginger family (Zingiberaceae)
Tropical, herbaceous perennial for Zones 8 to 12
PRECAUTION: May interact with anticoagulants (blood thinners), diabetes medications, and blood pressure medications. Not appropriate for all, consider consulting a doctor first. See section “ADDITIONAL INFORMATION > Animal Toxicity and Medicine Interactions”.
▷ OTHER NAMES & LOOKALIKES 🏷️
Other Names 🏷️
Zingiber coming from the Greek word” “zingiberis“, which comes from the Sanskrit word “shringavera”, meaning “shaped like a deer’s antlers”.
◦ Common Ginger
◦ Edible Ginger
Lookalikes 🔎
◦ Plants in the genus Alpinia
◦ Persian Shield (Strobilanthes auriculata var. dyeriana): Tropical, evergreen shrub or sub-shrub with soft stems and variegated leaves.
▷ APPEARANCE 🪞
Plant Description🌿🗒️
Ginger’s roots grow horizontally underground at a shallow depth. Rhizomes (roots) are aromatic, pale yellow, fibrous, ¾ diameter, and are covered with thin scales that leave ring-like scars. Stalks are 3′ and are psuedostems, a series of leaf sheaths wrapped around each other. Leaves are green, narrow, lanceolate in shape, arranged in a alternating pattern. Flowers emerge from dense, cone-shaped inflorescence spikes composed of a series of leafy bracts. Beautifully aromatic flowers are white, each with a mauve or deep purple lip. Culinary ginger flowers are usually sterile, rarely producing seed.
Dimensions, Root Depth, and Spacing 📏↔️
Height: 3′ to 4′
Width: 2′ to 3′
Root Depth: 8″ deep; Ideal minimum container size 7 gallon or 8 gallons. Larger containers allow plants to grow taller and wider!
Spacing: 8″ to 12″ apart
Flower Season and Fruit or Seed 🌻🍎🫘
Flower: Aromatic white flowers with purple tips from Spring to Winter
Seed: Sterile, does not produce seed
▷ REPRODUCTION🌱
Sexuality: Hermaphrodite
Pollination: Bees and other beneficial pollinators
Growth Rate: Moderate
Propagation:
◦ Roots: Carefully dig up plant. Select healthy stems that are connected to roots, divide them in to separate plants, and cut off dead leaves and stems. Try to have at least 1 stem per root, if not the roots will grow back the foliage eventually. If there is excessive foliage, trim back the foliage to have 4″ stems from the root system. Flowers are produced from planted sections after 2 years.
Seed Germination: Sterile seeds
Indoor Planting: Grow plant for 1 year prior to transplanting outside 10 weeks after last frost date.
Outdoor Planting: Plant root 10 weeks after to last frost date.
▷ REQUIREMENTS❤️
Sunlight, Water, Fertilizer, and Pruning ☀️💧✂️
Sunlight: Prefers 2 to 5 hours of full sun with partial shade in the afternoon. Additionally grows well in dappled shade. Cooler northern climates may grow ginger in full sun. Too much sun may turn leaves brown or yellow, and the plant may grow poorly.
Note: Avoid aerial watering, which encourages fungal growth and disease.
Outdoor Watering: Water regularly during Summer (every 4 to 7 days) and less frequently in the Winter (once per month). Intolerable of wet soil. Small pots require watering more often, especially if exposed to full sun, while large pots and shaded pots need less water.
Indoor Watering: Deep and infrequent, allowing for soil to dry on the top layer prior to more water.
Drought Resistance:
Fertilizer: At the start of the growing season, apply fertilizer every 4 weeks to 6 weeks. Scatter evenly at the base of plants, avoiding clumps of fertilizer and preventing contact with stalks and stems. Large clumps of fertilizer won’t evenly supplement nutrients into the entire soil surface after it mixes with water from rain or irrigation. Fertilizer clumps around the base of plants make cause the main stalk to rot or have contact burns, which could damage or kill the plant. Do not throw fertilizer over plant tops, as the clumps of fertilizer caught in between leaf nodes and on foliage may either burn or rot the foliage.
Pruning: Avoid pruning during Winter as it may kill the plant. This same rule applies for the Fall in northern climates. Remove withered flowers, dead leaves, and leggy stems to enhance plant’s appearance. This also promotes new stems to appear with more leaves and flowers.
Soil, Planting, and Environment 🌄🏞️🏜️
Soil: Prefers loose, loamy, well-drained soil that’s rich in organic matter
pH: 5.5 to 7.0
Planting: When planting a potted plant, dig a hole that’s as deep as the pot and as wide as the root base. For plants with wide roots, dig a hole that is twice the width of the pot and gently space out the root system and then cover with soil to promote healthy growth. Burying tangled roots could cause health issues or stunted growth. The soil should be gently pressed in or watered in to fill the air pockets, preventing soil from collapsing in when watering or raining. Unplanted roots add to the stress of plants and could cause health problems or diseases. Cover every root with soil and smooth the soil’s surface.
Habitat: Native to humid, partly-shaded habitats in moist tropical and subtropical forests of Southeast Asia.
Temperature Preference and Temperature Tolerance🌡️
Temperature: 75°F to 85°F; Mulch roots to retain water and prevent evaporation.
Heat Tolerance: 95°F; Semi-tolerant of drought once established
Cold Tolerance: 25°F
Salt, Wind, and Pollution Tolerance 🧂💨 ☣️
Salt Tolerance: No salt tolerance
Wind Tolerance: Low tolerance
Pollution Tolerance: Low tolerance
▷ ADDITIONAL INFORMATION📚
Description 📝
Ginger is native to southeastern Asia and is used as a spice, flavoring, food, and medicine. The rhizome is widely used in folk medicine as a strong antioxidant.
Attract and Repel Wildlife🐝🦋🐦🐌🪰🐇🦌
Deer and Rodent Resistant🦌🐇🐁
Attracts: Pocket gophers and slugs
Repels: Mosquitoes, ants, and cockroaches
Diseases and Pests🐜🦠
Note: Proper care keeps plants resilient and healthy, preventing diseases and pests. This list details the potential threats, specific diseases and pests vary depending on environmental climate.
Diseases:
◦ Bacterial wilt
◦ Fusarium wilt: A common disease caused by a seedborne fungus that stunted growth, wilting, or brown vascular tissues. Infected plants and seeds should be destroyed, and that family of plants shouldn’t be planted in the same area for 2 years to 3 years to prevent reinfection.
◦ Leaf Spot: Fungal infection that appears as small brown specks that can grow into larger lesions. These lesions are sometimes surrounded by yellow rings.
◦ Root Rot: Disease that causes root system to deteriorate. Occurs when plant roots have constantly excessive or too much standing water around them.
◦ Sclerotium rot
Pests:
◦ Ants
◦ Aphids: Small, soft-bodied sucking insects which pierce plant tissues and draw out the juices.
◦ Scale: Parasite that infest a plant’s leaves and stems and suck sap from plants through their mouth parts. Heavy infestations cause yellowing or wilting of leaves, stunting or unthrifty appearance of the plants, and eventually death of all or part of the plant.
◦ Mealybugs: Mealybugs feed on the juices from leaves and stems of plants, damaging a wide variety of host plants.
◦ Spider Mites: They feed by bruising plant cells with their small, whiplike mouthparts and ingesting the sap. Spider mites produce a fine silk webbing, often found at leaf nodes or the undersides of leaves, which may kill plants or cause serious stress.
◦ Thrips: May spread plant viruses called tospoviruses, which cause diseases such as tomato spotted wilt, impatiens necrotic spot, and iris yellow spot virus. Thrips suck the sap from leaves, flowers, and buds, resulting in discolored, distorted, or stunted growth.
Animal Toxicity and Medicine Interactions ☠️❤️🩹
Animal Toxicity: Tolerable in a small amount for dogs and cats. Toxic to horses and birds.
Medicine Interactions:
Individuals may have a sensitivity or allergies to ginger, consult a healthcare professional first and proceed at own risk.
◦ Diabetes medication: Ginger might lower blood sugar levels. Taking ginger along with diabetes medications might cause blood sugar to drop too low. Monitor blood sugar closely.
◦ Anticoagulant and antiplatelet medicine (Blood thinners): Ginger may slow blood clotting. Taking ginger with medications intended to slow blood clotting may increase the risk of bruising and bleeding.
◦ Medications for high blood pressure (Calcium channel blockers): Ginger might lower blood pressure. Taking ginger along with medications that lower blood pressure might cause blood pressure to go too low. Monitor blood pressure closely.
◦ Phenprocoumon (Marcoumar): Phenprocoumon is used to slow blood clotting. Ginger can also slow blood clotting. Taking ginger along with phenprocoumon might increase the chances of bruising and bleeding. Monitor blood levels regularly. The dose of phenprocoumon might need to be changed.
◦ Warfarin (Coumadin): Warfarin is a blood thinner used to slow blood clotting that blocks the body’s ability to use vitamin K, which is a vitamin that helps clot blood.. Ginger may also slow blood clotting. Taking ginger along with warfarin might increase the chances of bruising and bleeding. Monitor blood levels regularly. The dose of warfarin might need to be changed.
◦ Nifedipine (Procardia): Taking ginger along with nifedipine might slow blood clotting and increase the chances of bruising and bleeding.
◦ Losartan (Cozaar): Ginger may increase how much losartan the body absorbs. Taking ginger along with losartan might increase the effects and side effects of losartan.
◦ Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune): Taking ginger two hours before taking cyclosporine might increase how much cyclosporine the body absorbs. This might increase the side effects of cyclosporine.
◦ Metronidazole (Flagyl): Ginger may increase how much metronidazole the body absorbs. Taking ginger along with metronidazole might increase the effects and side effects of metronidazole.
◦ Medications changed by liver (Cytochrome P450 1A2 [CYP1A2] substrates), (Cytochrome P450 2B6 [CYP2B6] substrates), (Cytochrome P450 2C9 [CYP2C9] substrates), (Cytochrome P450 3A4 [CYP3A4] substrates). Ginger might change how quickly the liver breaks down medications prone to being changed or broken down by the liver. This could change the effects and side effects of these medications.
◦ Medications moved by pumps in cells (P-glycoprotein substrates): Some medications are moved in and out of cells by pumps. Ginger may change how these pumps work and change how much medication stasys in the body. In some cases, this might change the effects and side effects of a medication.
WebMD Website – Ginger “Interactions”
Use and Harvest⚕️🌾
❗Never ingest essential oils, instead use organic fresh or dried herbs.
Use: Ginger is a spice and herbal medicine that has been used for thousands of years to treat many ailments.
◦ Roots: May be juiced, sliced, minced, and pickled. Roots may be externally applied in the form of herbal oil, poultice, salve, cream, or therapeutic tea soak.
Essential Oil: Click Here for Precautions, Instructions, and Dilution Ratios
Benefits: Blood thinner (anticoagulant, reduces blood clots), antioxidant (protects cells), antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory (reduces internal and external swelling), antispasmodic, soothing, warming, improves cognitive function, memory, and circulation, prevents infection, supports immunity and healthy digestion, eczema, dermatitis, healthy liver function, stroke, relieves pain, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, asthma, colds (flu and influenza), bronchitis, fever, menstrual cramps, hypertension (reduces high blood pressure), ear infection (don’t use inside ear canal, apply outer ear canal), ear ache, flatulence, constipation, reduces risk of cardiovascular (heart) disease, risk of cancer, risk of Alzheimer’s disease, cholesterol, helps regulate blood sugar levels, induces sweating, and stimulates appetite. Occasional limited use may improve existing heart conditions (cardiovascular health).
Dosing: 1 to 2 cups of tea each day for adults. Steep 1 teabag for 5 to 10 minutes or 1 to 2 teaspoons of minced ginger root) steeped for 10 to 20 minutes. ⅕ teaspoon to 1 teaspoon maximum each day culinary application for adults. For medicinal application, take ½ teaspoon to 1 teaspoon each day for adults for 1 month. Add grated or pickled ginger to meals. May cause heartburn, indigestion, or diarrhea.
Click Here for How To Harvest, Dry, and Properly Store Herbs and Seeds
Harvest: Never harvest more than 20% of a plant’s leaves or roots!
◦ Roots: Harvest roots 8 months to 10 months after planting or after the foliage has died back. Dig the roots and scrub away dirt. Roots keep fresh if uncut at room temperature for 3 weeks, 4 weeks if refrigerated. Cut or peels roots last for 2 to 3 weeks if refrigerated. To dry, dehydrate and store in an airtight container.
Aroma, Flavor, and Culinary Combinations🧼🍴
Aroma: Flower is fragrantly sweet; Root is warm, spicy, and subtly sweet
Flavor: Spicy, peppery, warm, and slightly sweet
Culinary Combinations: Ginger compliments herbs and spices (thyme, rosemary, mint, oregano, cilantro, parsley, cinnamon, nutmeg, sage, chamomile, goldenseal, lavender, cardamom, coriander, tarragon, lemongrass, chives, elderberry), quinoa, whole wheat enriched pasta, wild rice, beans (sugar snap peas, green beans, chickpeas [garbanzos], black, pinto), legumes (lentils, mung beans), tofu, tempeh, mushrooms, nuts (roasted cashews, almonds, walnuts, pecans, and pine nuts), vegetables (arugula, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, Winter squash [pumpkin, butternut squash, acorn squash], Summer squash [zucchini, straightneck, and crookneck], sweet potato, red potato, white potato, eggplant, zucchini, garlic, bell pepper, carrot, beet, asparagus, brussels sprouts, radish, tomato, and cucumber), and fruits (avocado, raspberries, blackberries, blueberries, strawberries, cranberries, apricot, mango, citrus [lemon and lime], and figs)
Click Here to explore a comprehensive list of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients with function explanations, deficiency or excess symptoms, and vegan food source rankings (high, medium, low)
History 📜
The earliest written record of ginger comes from the Analects, written by the Disciples of Confucius in China between 475–221 BC.
Lifespan⏳
2 to 4 years longevity for life expectancy
